8 Unexpected Factors That Can Threaten Your Home Sale

 Think your home is in top shape to sell? Not so fast. There are several unexpected hazards a home
inspector can uncover that are enough to make prospective buyers run. Some are literally hidden from view; others sellers simply miss.
People who live in a house for a long time often overlook the defects, It’s not that they’re trying to hide them – they just don’t notice them anymore.
To catch these problems before it’s too late, consider hiring a professional to conduct a home inspection before putting your house on the market. In fact, having your home pre-inspected could save you money in the long run.
It gives the seller time to obtain estimates and get repairs done, which is an advantage since jobs that are done fast usually cost more,
Also, if you deal with these problems in the eleventh hour you may be forced to give the buyer some large credit that’s financially much more than what it would cost to repair these things yourself.
That’s because prospective buyers are given a sense of security knowing that major problems have already been taken care of and won’t cost them a fortune down the line.

Read on for eight potential deal-breakers to check for, plus tips on how to fix them.

Mold
When it comes to mold, it’s the yuck factor that often turns buyers off. Some people can tell if there’s mold in a house just by smelling it, while others are bothered by mold because it looks bad,
But mold also has the potential to cause health problems. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, mold can cause allergic reactions such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes and skin rash, and can also trigger asthma attacks.
Luckily, you can usually clean up mold yourself with some common household products. The CDC recommends scrubbing mold off hard surfaces with soap and water, or a bleach solution of no more than 1 cup of bleach in 1 gallon of water. However, absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpets, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Of course, don’t forget to fix plumbing leaks or other water problems too, or the mold is likely to come back.
 
Asbestos
Is asbestos lurking in your home? It’s possible, since the mineral fiber was used in many building products until the 1970s for insulation and as a fire-retardant. (See a list of common places where asbestos can be found on the Environmental Protection Agency website.)
Asbestos can be dangerous and even deadly when its microscopic fibers are inhaled, increasing your risk of developing such serious illnesses as lung cancer, mesothelioma (a cancer found in the thin lining of the lung, chest, abdomen and heart) and asbestosis, a noncancerous disease of the lungs.
Don’t panic, though – danger only occurs when asbestos-containing materials are damaged or disturbed (such as through a remodeling job) and released into the air. Still, it’s a good idea to have your home tested for asbestos. If the inspector determines that the asbestos is a problem, or if you simply don’t want to risk scaring off potential buyers, you can either repair it, which involves sealing or covering asbestos material, or you can remove it, which is the more expensive option that also poses the greatest risk of fiber release, according to the EPA. Either way, the EPA advises that you hire professionals who are trained,
experienced, reputable and accredited – especially if accreditation is required by state or local laws.

Underground oil tanks
Underground oil tanks can be a real red flag to prospective buyers due to their potential to leak and contaminate groundwater. Because leaky oil tanks can cost thousands of dollars to fix, and insurance companies often do not provide coverage, buyers won’t want to have to shoulder that cost down the line.
Sellers should also know that even if there is an underground oil tank on your property that is not in use, it still might have oil inside it. Consider getting the oil tank on your property removed to increase your chances of selling. If your home still relies on oil for heat, have a new oil tank installed safely above ground.

Lead paint
Was your home built before the late 1970s? If so, there’s a good chance it might contain lead-based paint, according to the EPA, since it wasn’t until 1978 that the government banned lead-based paint from being used in homes. You can get lead in your body by breathing or swallowing lead dust, or by eating soil or paint chips containing lead (a risk for small children). Lead paint can scare away potential buyers because of its connection to a variety of maladies, including behavioral and learning problems in kids, reproductive problems, high blood pressure and memory and concentration problems. By law, homeowners must disclose known information on lead-based paint and lead-based paint hazards before selling a house, and
sales contracts must include a disclosure form about lead-based paint, according to the EPA.
To take care of your lead paint problem, unfortunately you can’t just paint over it. Instead, you must hire a certified lead “abatement” contractor who can remove, seal or enclose lead-based paint with special materials. To find a certified contractor, contact the The National Lead Information Center.

Unsafe stairwells
When it comes to hazards that homeowners simply don’t notice anymore, unsafe stairwells are high on the list. It’s important to make sure stairs in your home have certain safety features in place, which can be especially important for homeowners with young children. We recommend doing the following to prepare for a sale:
Fix handrails that are loose, incomplete or splintery.
Install a light switch at the top and bottom of each staircase.
Make sure platform or landing surfaces are slip-resistant
Fix risers of uneven height.
Exterior steps should be sloped to prevent water settlement and icing.
Carpeting should be firmly affixed to stairs.

Radon
You’ve heard about the dangers of carbon monoxide, but have you had your house tested for radon? “A lot of homes have this, and it’s about as invisible and hidden as you can get,” This extremely toxic, colorless gas that comes from the natural decay of uranium from soil in the ground. According to the EPA, exposure to radon in the home is responsible for an estimated 20,000 lung cancer deaths each year, and is the
number-one cause of lung cancer among non-smokers.
You can test radon levels yourself with an inexpensive testing kit available at home improvement stores, such as the Kidde Radon Gas Test Kit for $15 at Lowe’s. If your home is found to have unsafe radon levels (4 picocuries per liter in air or higher, says the EPA), you can hire a radon mitigation contractor to take care of the problem. One common technique contractors use is soil suction, which prevents radon from entering your home by drawing the radon from below the home and venting it through a pipe to the air above the home where it is quickly diluted.

Problems in the attic
Who could forget the hilarious scene in National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation where the hapless Clark Griswold wakes up early to sneak presents for his family into the attic, only to get smacked in the face by the attic’s collapsible pull-down ladder. The truth is, though, attics can be a dangerous place in real life, too.
When it comes to attic ladders, the problem is often that homeowners install the ladders themselves without adhering to safety
standards. If you’re preparing for a home sale, be sure to take certain precautions, says Gromicko, such as tightening all nuts and bolts and fixing any cracked steps. You can also consider replacing an old, rickety wooden ladder with a new, aluminum model as well.
Improper attic ventilation is also a cause for concern for home inspectors. Houses that are not properly ventilated cause a variety of problems, including rapid shingle deterioration on the roof, wood rot and mold buildup on the exterior of the home, as well as high temperatures throughout the living spaces in the summer. To keep your attic well-ventilated, we suggest using special vents (such as roof, gable and ridge vents) or an attic fan.

Overhanging tree branches 
Homeowners often don’t notice them, but tree branches that hang over your house can cause a lot of damage during storms,  Indeed, this was a tough lesson learned by many homeowners in the Northeast during an early snowfall in late October, as
the weight of the snow snapped many tree limbs onto roofs and power lines.
Be sure to hire a professional tree service to remove any tree branches that dangle over your home before showing your home to
buyers.

Air Quality in the Home

Indoor air quality is generally worse than most people believe, but there are things you can do about it. 

 

Some Quick Facts:

• Indoor air quality can be worse than that of outdoor air.
• Problems can arise from moisture, insects, pets, appliances, radon, materials used in household products and furnishings, smoke, and other sources.
• Effects range from minor annoyances to major health risks.
• Remedies include ventilation, cleaning, moisture control, inspections, and following manufacturers' directions when using appliances and products.

Research has shown that the quality of indoor air can be worse than that of outdoor air. Many homes are built or remodeled more tightly, without regard to the factors that assure fresh and healthy indoor air. Our homes today contain many furnishings, appliances and products that can affect indoor air quality.

 

Signs of indoor air quality problems include:

• unusual and noticeable odors;
• stale or stuffy air;
• a noticeable lack of air movement;
• dirty or faulty central heating or air-conditioning equipment;
• damaged flue pipes and chimneys;
• unvented combustion air sources for fossil-fuel appliances;
• excessive humidity;
• the presence of molds and mildew;
• adverse health reaction after remodeling, weatherizing, bringing in new furniture, using household and hobby products, and moving into a new home; and 
• feeling noticeably healthier outside.

Common Sources of Air Quality Problems

 

Poor indoor air quality can arise from many sources. At least some of the following contaminants can be found in almost any home:

• moisture and biological pollutants, such as molds, mildew, dust mites, animal dander, and cockroaches;
• high humidity levels, inadequate ventilation, and poorly maintained humidifiers and air conditioners;
• combustion products, including carbon monoxide, from unvented fossil-fuel space heaters, unvented gas stoves and ovens, and back-drafting from furnaces and water heaters;
• formaldehyde from durable-press draperies and other textiles, particleboard products, such as cabinets and furniture framing, and adhesives;
• radon, which is a radioactive gas from the soil and rock beneath and around the home's foundation, groundwater wells, and some building materials;
• household products and furnishings, such as paints, solvents, air fresheners, hobby supplies, dry-cleaned clothing, aerosol sprays, adhesives, and fabric additives used in carpeting and furniture, which can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs); 
• asbestos, which is found in most homes more than 20 years old. Sources include deteriorating, damaged and disturbed pipe insulation, fire retardant, acoustical material (such as ceiling tiles) and floor tiles;
• lead from lead-based paint dust, which is created when removing paint by sanding, scraping and burning;
• particulates from dust and pollen, fireplaces, wood stoves, kerosene heaters and unvented gas space heaters; and
• tobacco smoke, which produces particulates, combustion products and formaldehyde.

Remedies to Indoor Air Quality Problems

 

Living Areas

 

Paneling, pressed-wood furniture, and cabinetry may release formaldehyde gas.

Remedy: Ask about formaldehyde content before buying furniture and cabinets. Some types of pressed-wood products, such as those with phenol resin, emit less formaldehyde. Also, products coated with polyurethane or laminates may reduce formaldehyde emissions. After installation, open windows. Maintain moderate temperature and humidity.

 

Biological pollutants can grow on water-damaged carpet. New carpet can release organic gases.

Remedy: Promptly clean and dry water-damaged carpet, or remove it altogether. If adhesives are needed, ask for low-emitting ones. During installation, open doors and windows, and use window fans or room air conditioners. Vacuum regularly. Consider area rugs instead of wall-to-wall carpet. Rugs are easier to remove and clean, and the floor underneath can also be cleaned.

 

Some floor tiles contain asbestos.

Remedy: Periodically inspect for damage or deterioration. Do not cut, rip, sand or remove any asbestos-containing materials. If you plan to make changes that might disturb the asbestos, or if materials are more than slightly damaged, contact a professional for repair or removal. Call your local or state health department or the Environmental Protection Agency.

 

Moisture encourages biological pollutants including allergens, such as mold, mildew, dust mites and cockroaches.

Remedy: If possible, eliminate moisture sources. Install and use exhaust fans. Use a dehumidifier, if necessary. Remove molds and mildew by cleaning with a solution of chlorine bleach (1 cup bleach to 1 gallon water). Maintain fresh air with natural and mechanical air circulation.

 

Your fireplace can be a source of carbon monoxide and combustion pollutants.

Remedy: Open the flue when using the fireplace. Have the flue and chimney inspected annually for exhaust back-drafting, flue obstructions, cracks, excess creosote, and other damage. Install smoke and carbon monoxide detectors.

 

An air conditioner can be a source of biological allergens.

Remedy: If there is a water tray, empty and clean it often. Follow all service and maintenance procedures, including changing the filter.

 

Gas and kerosene space heaters can release carbon monoxide and combustion pollutants.

Remedy: Never use unvented kerosene or gas space heaters. In the room where the heater is located, provide fresh air by opening a door to the rest of the house, turning on an exhaust fan, and slightly opening a window.

 

Tobacco smoke contains harmful combustion and particulate pollutants, including carbon monoxide and combustion byproducts.

Remedy: Do not smoke in your home or permit others to do so, especially near children. If smoking cannot be avoided indoors, open windows and use exhaust fans.

 

New draperies may be treated with a formaldehyde-based finish and emit odors for a short time.

Remedy: Before hanging, air draperies to ventilate odors. After hanging, ventilate the area. Maintain moderate temperature and humidity.

 

Paint manufactured before l978 may contain lead.

Remedy: Leave lead-based paint undisturbed if it is in good condition. Before removing paint, test for lead. Do-it-yourself lead test kits are available from hardware and building supply stores. Do not sand, burn off or remove lead-based paint yourself. Hire a person with special training to correct lead-based paint problems. For more information, call 1-800-LEAD-FYI.

 

Many animals create airborne allergens, such as dander, hair, feathers and skin.

Remedy: Keep pets outdoors as much as possible. Clean the entire house regularly. Deep-clean areas where pets are permitted. Bathe pets regularly.

 

Biological allergens caused by dust mites can trigger asthma.

Remedy: Clean and vacuum regularly. Wash bedding in water hotter than 130 degrees F. Use more hard-surface finishes; they are less likely to attract and hold dust mites.

 

Kitchen

 

Unhealthy and irritating vapors may be released from chemicals in household cleaners and similar products. Remedy: Select nonaerosol and non-toxic products. Use, apply, store and dispose of them according to manufacturers' directions. If products are concentrated, label the storage container with dilution instructions. Use up a product completely before discarding its container.

 

Pressed-wood cabinets can be a source of formaldehyde vapor.

Remedy: Maintain moderate temperatures (80 degrees maximum) and humidity (about 45%). When purchasing new cabinets, select solid wood or metal cabinets, or those made with phenol resin; they emit less formaldehyde. Ventilate well after installation.

 

Unvented gas stoves and ranges are sources of carbon monoxide and combustion byproducts.

Remedy: Keep appliance burners clean. Have burners periodically adjusted (blue-flame tip, not yellow). Install and use an exhaust fan. Never use a gas range or stove to heat your home.

 

Bathroom

Organic gases are released from chemicals in some personal care products, such as deodorant, hair spray, shampoo, toner, nail polish and perfumes.

Remedy: Select odor-free or low odor-producing products. Select nonaerosol varieties. Open a window, or use an exhaust fan. Follow manufacturers' directions when using the product and disposing of containers.

 

Air fresheners can release organic gases.

Remedy: Open a window or use the exhaust fan. Follow manufacturers' directions. Select natural products.

 

Bedroom

Humidifiers and cold-mist vaporizers can encourage biological allergens, including mold, mildew and cockroaches, that can trigger asthma, and encourage the spread of viruses and the growth of bacteria.

Remedy: Use and clean these appliances according to manufacturers' directions. Refill daily with fresh water.

 

Moth repellents often contain the pesticide paradichlorobenzene.

Remedy: Avoid breathing vapors. Place them in tightly sealed trunks or other containers. Store separately, away from living areas.

 

Chemicals used in the dry-cleaning process release organic gases.

Remedy: Bring any odors to the attention of your dry cleaner. Try to air out dry-cleaned goods before bringing them indoors. Seek alternatives to dry cleaning, such as hand washing items.  Consider using green dry cleaners who use newer, non-toxic solvents and methods to clean garments.

 

Utility Room

 

Unvented gas clothes dryers produce carbon monoxide and combustion byproducts and can be a fire hazard. Remedy: Regularly dispose of lint around and under the dryer. Provide air for gas units. Vent the dryer directly to the outdoors. Clean the lint trap, vent and ductwork regularly.

 

Gas and oil furnaces and boilers, and gas water heaters can produce air-quality problems which include back-drafting of carbon monoxide and combustion pollutants.

Remedy: Have your heating system and water heater, including gas piping and venting, inspected every year.

 

Asbestos pipe wrap and furnace insulation can release asbestos fibers into the air.

Remedy: Periodically check for damage and deterioration. Do not cut, rip, sand or remove any asbestos-containing materials. If you plan to make changes that might disturb the asbestos, or if materials are more than slightly damaged, contact a professional for repair or removal.

 

Basement

Ground moisture encourages biological allergens, including mold and mildew.

Remedy: Inspect for condensation on walls, standing water on the floor, and sewage leaks. To keep the basement dry, prevent outside water from entering indoors by installing roof gutters and downspouts, by not watering close to the foundation, by grading soil away from the home, and by applying waterproofing sealants to the basement's interior walls. To prevent the accumulation of standing water, consider installing a sump pump. If sewage is the source of water intrusion, have drains professionally cleaned. If moisture has no obvious source, install an exhaust fan controlled by humidity levels. Remove mold and mildew. Regularly clean and disinfect the basement floor drain.

 

Radon is an invisible, radioactive gas which poses the risk of lung cancer.

Remedy: Test your home for radon. Do-it-yourself kits are inexpensive and easy to use. Have an experienced radon contractor mitigate your home if your radon level is 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) or higher.

 

Chemicals in hobby products, such as solvents, paint, glue and epoxy, release organic gases. Remedy: Follow manufacturers' directions for use, ventilation, application, clean-up, and container storage and disposal. Use outdoors when possible. When using indoors, open a window or use an exhaust fan. Re-seal containers tightly. Clean tools outside or in a well-ventilated area.

 

Garage

Car and small engine exhaust are sources of carbon monoxide and combustion byproducts.

Remedy: Never leave vehicles, lawn mowers, snowmobiles, etc., running in the garage.

 

Paint, solvent and cleaning supplies may release harmful vapors.

Remedy: Provide ventilation when using them. Follow manufacturers' directions. Buy only as much as you need. If the products contain methylene chloride, such as paint strippers, use them outdoors. Re-seal containers well. Keep products in their original, labeled containers. Clean brushes and other materials outside.  Opt for non-toxic green products whenever possible.

 

Pesticides and fertilizers used in the yard and garden may be toxic.

Remedy: Use non-chemical methods whenever possible. Follow manufacturers' directions for mixing, applying and storing.  Wear protective clothing. Mix or dilute these products outdoors. Provide ventilation when using them indoors. Store them outside of the home in their original, labeled containers. After using the product, remove your shoes and clean your hands and clothing to avoid bringing the chemicals into your home.

 

Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

• Install a smoke detector in each bedroom or in the adjacent hallway.
• If you have gas or other fossil-fuel appliances in the house, install carbon monoxide detectors in these locations.
• Combination smoke and carbon monoxide detectors are available.
• Check the batteries frequently, at least annually.

Amount of Ventilation

 

If too little outdoor air enters a home, pollutants can accumulate to levels that can pose health and comfort problems. Unless they are built with a special mechanical means of ventilation, homes that are designed and constructed to minimize the amount of outdoor air that can "leak" into and out of the home may have higher pollutant levels than other homes. However, because some weather conditions can drastically reduce the amount of outdoor air that enters a home, pollutants can build up even in homes that are normally considered "leaky."

 

How Does Outdoor Air Enter a House?

 

Outdoor air enters and leaves a house by infiltration, natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. In a process known as infiltration, outdoor air flows into the house through openings, joints and cracks in walls, floors and ceilings, and around windows and doors. In natural ventilation, air moves through opened windows and doors. Air movement associated with infiltration and natural ventilation is caused by air-temperature differences between the indoors and outdoors, and by wind. Finally, there are a number of mechanical ventilation devices, from outdoor-vented fans that intermittently remove air from a single room, such as the bathroom and kitchen, to air-handling systems that use fans and ductwork to continuously remove indoor air and distribute filtered and conditioned outdoor air to strategic points throughout the house. The rate at which outdoor air replaces indoor air is described as the air-exchange rate. When there is little infiltration, natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation, the air-exchange rate is low and pollutant levels can increase.

 

Indoor Air Pollution and Health

 

Health effects from indoor air pollutants may be experienced soon after exposure or, possibly years later.

 

Immediate Effects

 

Immediate effects may show up after a single exposure, or it may take repeated exposures. These include irritation of the eyes, nose and throat, headaches, dizziness and fatigue. Such immediate effects are usually short-term and treatable. Sometimes, the treatment is simply eliminating the person's exposure to the source of the pollution, if it can be identified. Symptoms of some diseases, including asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and humidifier fever, may also show up soon after exposure to some indoor air pollutants.

 

The likelihood of immediate reactions to indoor air pollutants depends on several factors. Age and pre-existing medical conditions are two important influences. In other cases, whether a person reacts to a pollutant depends on individual sensitivity, which varies tremendously from person to person. Some people can become sensitized to biological pollutants after repeated exposures, and it appears that some people can become sensitized to chemical pollutants, as well.

 

Certain immediate effects are similar to those from colds and other viral diseases, so it is often difficult to determine if the symptoms are a result of exposure to indoor air pollution. For this reason, it is important to pay attention to the time and place that symptoms occur. If the symptoms fade or go away when a person is away from home, for example, an effort should be made to identify indoor air sources that may be possible causes. Some effects may be made worse by an inadequate supply of outdoor air, or from the heating, cooling or humidity conditions prevalent in the home.

 

Long-Term Effects

 

Other health effects may show up years after exposure has occurred, or only after long or repeated periods of exposure. These effects, which include some respiratory diseases, heart disease and cancer, can be severely debilitating or fatal. It is prudent to try to improve the indoor air quality in your home even if symptoms are not noticeable.

 

While pollutants commonly found in indoor air are responsible for many harmful effects, there is considerable uncertainty about what concentrations or periods of exposure are necessary to produce specific health problems. People also react very differently to exposure to indoor air pollutants. Further research is needed to better understand which health effects occur after exposure to the average pollutant concentrations found in homes, and which occur from the higher concentrations over short periods of time.

 

In summary, indoor air contaminants can be a source of ill health. Our inspectors are trained in air quality to perform your next home inspection.